Ma Xi'e

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Ma Xi'e (traditional Chinese: 馬希萼; simplified Chinese: 马希萼; pinyin: Mǎ Xī'è), also known by his posthumous name as the Prince Gongxiao of Chu (楚恭孝王), was the fifth ruler of the Ma Chu dynasty of China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It is not known when Ma Xi'e was born. He was Chu's founder Ma Yin (King Wumu)'s 30th son. His mother was not Ma Yin's wife, but was otherwise not named in historical sources, although it is known that a younger brother, Ma Xichong, was born of the same mother. As of 947, Ma Xi'e was serving under an older half-brother (Ma Yin's fourth son), Ma Xifan, who was then the Prince of Chu, as the military governor of Wuping Circuit (武平, headquartered in modern Changde, Hunan) and the acting prefect of Yong Prefecture (永州, in modern Yongzhou, Hunan). When Ma Xifan died suddenly in 947 without designating an heir, his staff members discussed who should be invited to succeed him. The officers Zhang Shaodi (張少敵) and Yuan Yougong (袁友恭) argued that Ma Xi'e, who was the oldest surviving son of Ma Yin's, should be invited to succeed, given that Ma Yin had left instructions for his sons to succeed each other based on age. The officers Liu Yantao (劉彥瑫) and Yang Di (楊滌) and the officials Li Honggao (李弘皋) and Deng Yiwen (鄧懿文) wanted to support Ma Xifan's full younger brother Ma Xiguang, who was Ma Yin's 35th son and whom Ma Xifan had put in charge of the headquarters as the commander of the armed forces of Chu's main circuit, Wu'an (武安, headquartered in modern Changsha, Hunan). Zhang stated, "Yong Prefecture is older and is strong-willed, and will surely not willingly serve under the Commander. If we are to support the Commander, we must think of a careful strategy to control Yong Prefecture such that he will not move against the Commander.