Grayanotoxin

EN Texto em inglês Ainda não há artigo no teu idioma: trecho em inglês.

Grayanotoxins are a group of closely related neurotoxins named after Leucothoe grayana, a plant native to Japan and named for 19th-century American botanist Asa Gray. Grayanotoxin I (grayanotoxane-3,5,6,10,14,16-hexol 14-acetate) is also known as andromedotoxin, acetylandromedol, rhodotoxin and asebotoxin. Grayanotoxins are produced by Rhododendron species and other plants in the family Ericaceae. Honey that contains grayanotoxins is commonly referred to as "mad honey". Consumption of the plant or any of its secondary products, including mad honey, can cause a rare poisonous reaction called grayanotoxin poisoning, mad honey disease, honey intoxication, or rhododendron poisoning. It is most frequently produced and consumed in regions of Turkey and Nepal as a recreational drug and traditional medicine. Grayanotoxins are produced by plants in the family Ericaceae, specifically members of the genera Agarista, Craibiodendron, Kalmia, Leucothoe, Lyonia, Pieris and Rhododendron. The genus Rhododendron alone encompasses over 750 species that grow around the world in parts of Europe, North America, Japan, India, Bhutan, Nepal and Turkey. They can grow at a variety of altitudes, ranging from sea level to more than 3 kilometres (9,800 ft). While many of these species contain grayanotoxins, only a few contain significant levels.