PL/0

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PL/0 is a general-purpose programming language intended for use in education, that is similar to but much simpler than Pascal. Originally introduced in the book Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs by Niklaus Wirth in 1976, it serves as an example for compiler development. The language features a limited number of constructs: there are no real numbers, very few basic arithmetic operations and, for control flow, only "if" and "while" blocks. While these limitations make writing real applications in this language impractical, it helps the compiler remain compact and simple. All constants and variables used must be declared explicitly. The only data types are integers. The only operators are arithmetic and comparison operators. There is an odd function that tests whether the argument is odd. In the original implementation presented by Wirth, there are no input and output routines. The compiler prints the value as a given variable changes.