Pixhawk

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Pixhawk is a project responsible for creating open-source standards for the flight controller hardware that can be installed on various unmanned aerial vehicles. Additionally, any flight controller built to the open standards often includes "Pixhawk" in its name and may be referred to as such. An unmanned vehicle's flight controller, also referred to as an FC, FCB (flight control board), FMU (flight management unit), or autopilot, is a combination of hardware and software that is responsible for interfacing with a variety of onboard sensors and control systems in order to facilitate remote control or provide fully autonomous control. Pixhawk-standardized flight controllers are being used for academic, professional, and amateur applications, and are supported by two mainstream autopilot firmware options: PX4 and ArduPilot. Both firmware options allow for a variety of vehicle types through the Pixhawk flight controller system, including configuration options for unmanned boats, rovers, helicopters, planes, VTOLs, and multirotors. Many manufacturers have adopted various iterations of the Pixhawk standard, including Holybro and CubePilot. Refer to the UAV-systems hardware chart for a full list of flight controllers that have fully or partially adopted the Pixhawk standard. Pixhawk flight controllers typically feature one or two microcontrollers. In the case of two microcontrollers, a main flight management processor handles all sensor readings, PID calculations, and other resource-heavy computations, while the other handles input/output operations to external motors, switches and radio control receivers. Onboard sensors include an IMU with a multi-axis accelerometer and gyroscope, magnetometer to use as a compass, and a GPS tracking unit to estimate the vehicle's location.